A grading system for lymphocytic plasmacytic colitis in dogs   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

L Roth  A M Walton  M S Leib  C F Burrows 《Journal of veterinary diagnostic investigation》1990,2(4):257-262

Colonic mucosal samples were obtained every 4 weeks for 13 months from 6 clinically normal dogs and from 47 dogs with a clinical diagnosis of chronic inflammatory bowel disease. All samples were graded on a scale of 0-5, based upon the quantity of lymphocytes and plasma cells in the lamina propria, epithelial changes, and the presence of ulcers and erosions. A grade of less than or equal to 2.0 was considered normal and was assigned to 77 of 78 samples from clinically normal dogs and 28 of 48 samples from dogs with diarrhea. A transient increase in cellularity was noted in 1 sample from 1 control dog. Nineteen dogs with clinical disease had obvious histologic abnormalities. The grading scheme described provides the pathologist with an objective criterion for the microscopic evaluation of colonic mucosal samples obtained by endoscopic techniques and offers clinicians a method of assessing the dog's progress and response to therapy.  相似文献   

Effect of non-linear adsorption on the transport behaviour of Brilliant Blue in a field soil   总被引：4，自引：1，他引：4  

R. Kasteel  H.-J. Vogel  & K. Roth 《European Journal of Soil Science》2002,53(2):231-240

The food dye Brilliant Blue FCF (Color Index 42090) is often used as dye tracer in field studies for visualizing the flow pathways of water in soils. Batch studies confirmed findings of other researchers that non‐linear sorption is important for Brilliant Blue, especially at small concentrations (< 10 g l^?1 for our soil), and that retardation increases with decreasing concentrations as well as with increasing ionic strength of solutions. Therefore, it is not obvious if it can be used as an indicator for water flow paths as is often done. In this study, we compared the mobility of Brilliant Blue in a field soil (gleyic Luvisol) with that of bromide. Brilliant Blue and potassium bromide were simultaneously applied as a 6‐mm pulse on a small plot in the field, and the tracers were displaced with 89 mm of tracer‐free water using a constant intensity of 3.9 ± 0.2 mm hour^?1. Both tracer concentrations were determined on 144 soil cores taken from a 1 m × 1 m vertical soil profile. The transport behaviour differed in both (i) mean displacement and (ii) spatial concentration pattern. We found the retardation of Brilliant Blue could not be neglected and, in contrast to the bromide pattern, a pulse splitting was observed at the plough pan. Numerical simulations with a particle tracking code revealed that the one‐dimensional concentration profile of bromide was represented fairly well by the model, but the prediction of the double peak in the Brilliant Blue concentration profile failed. With additional assumptions, there were indications that Brilliant Blue does not follow the same flow paths as bromide. However, the question of Brilliant Blue taking the same flow pathways as bromide cannot be adequately answered by comparing both concentration distributions, because we look at two different transport distances due to the retardation of Brilliant Blue. It became obvious, however, that Brilliant Blue is not a suitable compound for tracing the travel time of water itself.  相似文献   

Ras p21 as a potential mediator of insulin action in Xenopus oocytes   总被引：36，自引：0，他引：36  

L J Korn  C W Siebel  F McCormick  R A Roth 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1987,236(4803):840-843

The oncogene protein product (p21) of the ras gene has been implicated in mediating the effects of a variety of growth factors and hormones. Microinjection of monoclonal antibody 6B7, which is directed against a synthetic peptide corresponding to a highly conserved region of p21 (amino acids 29 to 44) required for p21 function, specifically inhibited Xenopus oocyte maturation induced by incubation with insulin. The inhibition was dose-dependent and specific since (i) the same antibody had no effect on progesterone-induced maturation, (ii) immunoprecipitation and Western blotting indicated that the antibody recognized a single protein of molecular weight 21,000 in oocyte extracts, and (iii) inhibition was not observed with identical concentrations of normal immunoglobulin. Thus, p21 appears to be involved in mediating insulin-induced maturation of Xenopus oocytes. Furthermore, the mechanism may involve phosphorylation of p21, as p21 was found to be a substrate of the insulin receptor kinase.  相似文献   

( 3 H)lysergic acid diethylamide: cellular autoradiographic localization in rat brain   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

I M Diab  D X Freedman  L J Roth 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1971,173(4001):1022-1024

Intravenous administration of [(3)H]lysergic acid diethylamide(LSD) to rats resulted in accumulation of the drug in the brain within 15 minutes. Autoradiographic methods were used to differentiate free and bound [(3)H]LSD in brain tissue.Free [(3)H]LSD was generally distributed in the pituitary and pineal glands, cerebellum, hippocampus,and choroid plexus.Bound [(3)H]LSD was localized in neurons of the cortex, caudate nucleus, midbrain, and medulla,as well as in choroid plexus epithelium.  相似文献   

Cryopreservation, culture, and transplantation of human fetal mesencephalic tissue into monkeys     

D E Redmond  F Naftolin  T J Collier  C Leranth  R J Robbins  C D Sladek  R H Roth  J R Sladek 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1988,242(4879):768-771

Studies in animals suggest that fetal neural grafts might restore lost neurological function in Parkinson's disease. In monkeys, such grafts survive for many months and reverse signs of parkinsonism, without attendant graft rejection. The successful and reliable application of a similar transplantation procedure to human patients, however, will require neural tissue obtained from human fetal cadavers, with demonstrated cellular identity, viability, and biological safety. In this report, human fetal neural tissue was successfully grafted into the brains of monkeys. Neural tissue was collected from human fetal cadavers after 9 to 12 weeks of gestation and cryopreserved in liquid nitrogen. Viability after up to 2 months of storage was demonstrated by cell culture and by transplantation into monkeys. Cryopreservation and storage of human fetal neural tissue would allow formation of a tissue bank. The stored cells could then be specifically tested to assure their cellular identity, viability, and bacteriological and virological safety before clinical use. The capacity to collect and maintain viable human fetal neural tissue would also facilitate research efforts to understand the development and function of the human brain and provide opportunities to study neurological diseases.  相似文献   

Biomarkers of caloric restriction may predict longevity in humans     

Roth GS  Lane MA  Ingram DK  Mattison JA  Elahi D  Tobin JD  Muller D  Metter EJ 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2002,297(5582):811

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Control of Oocyte Development in Cockroaches     

Roth LM  Stay B 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1959,130(3370):271-272

Development of ovarian eggs and secretory activity of colleterial glands are inhibited by the o?theca in the o?thecal chamber of Blattella germanica (L.) and by the o?theca in the uterus of Pycnoscelus surinamensis (L.). The inhibition is due to nervous stimuli from pressure of the o?theca. Removing the o?theca or severing the ventral nerve cord eliminates inhibition of the corpora allata and results in premature development of the o?cytes and resumption of activity of the colleterial glands.  相似文献   

Preserved feedforward but impaired top-down processes in the vegetative state     

Boly M  Garrido MI  Gosseries O  Bruno MA  Boveroux P  Schnakers C  Massimini M  Litvak V  Laureys S  Friston K 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2011,332(6031):858-862

Frontoparietal cortex is involved in the explicit processing (awareness) of stimuli. Frontoparietal activation has also been found in studies of subliminal stimulus processing. We hypothesized that an impairment of top-down processes, involved in recurrent neuronal message-passing and the generation of long-latency electrophysiological responses, might provide a more reliable correlate of consciousness in severely brain-damaged patients, than frontoparietal responses. We measured effective connectivity during a mismatch negativity paradigm and found that the only significant difference between patients in a vegetative state and controls was an impairment of backward connectivity from frontal to temporal cortices. This result emphasizes the importance of top-down projections in recurrent processing that involve high-order associative cortices for conscious perception.  相似文献   

New physicians: a natural experiment in market organization     

A E Roth 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1990,250(4987):1524-1528

The National Resident Matching Program is a centralized clearinghouse through which new medical graduates in the United States obtain their first positions. The history of this market, from the market failures that the centralized system was designed to address, to the present, is discussed, and a hypothesis about the behavior of such markets is presented. New evidence is then presented from a set of similar centralized markets in the United Kingdom. Because some of these latter markets have failed, while others have succeeded, they provide a natural experiment that permits the hypothesis to be tested. The new evidence also suggests directions in which modifications of existing procedures might be considered.  相似文献   

Dietary restriction and life-span     

Bartke A  Wright JC  Mattison JA  Ingram DK  Miller RA  Roth GS 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2002,296(5576):2141-2; author reply 2141-2

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